In 1952, Hubert de Givenchy founded his own luxury house and launched a new collection Les S?parables with some floaty skirts and puffy blouses made from raw cotton.[3] Givenchy achieved critical acclaim with Vogue magazine praising his \"wonderful first collection\" 14. The collection included the Bettina Blouse a white shirt named in honour of Bettina Graziani, which was then painted in one of Ren? Gruau\'s works.[4] The New York Times magazine published an article entitled \"A Star Is Born\" and l?Album du Figaro also wrote a feature stating that \"In one night, Hubert de Givenchy became one of fashion?s most famous children with his first collection.\"[5] Models such as Suzy Parker and Dorian Leigh became muses of the house.[6] In terms of innovation, he used \'shirting\', a raw cotton similar to pattern paper, to create his chic and casual collections.[7] In 1954, Hubert de Givenchy presented the first shirt dress (which later evolved in to a sack dress in 1957). He was the first high fashion designer to create a luxury ready-to-wear clothing line, called \"Givenchy Universit?\", which was produced in Paris using machinery imported from the United States.[8] 1950s: Balenciaga and Givenchy Givenchy short dress and hat worn by Audrey Hepburn in 1961 movie Breakfast at Tiffany\'s In 1956, both Crist?bal Balenciaga and Hubert de Givenchy presented their collection in New York during a charity gala in aid of the American hospital in Paris.[9] Expansion In 1969, Hubert de Givenchy launched his fashion line for men, \"Gentleman Givenchy\". The boutique was opened in November on Avenue George V.[9] On the advice of Crist?bal Balenciaga, Givenchy developed his licences in the 1970s, in order to protect the Haute Couture collections.[10] During this period, the House of Givenchy diversified its activities to create shoes, jewellery, ties, tableware, upholstery and kimono. Hubert de Givenchy was chosen to design the interior of Hilton hotels around the world, and even a car (the Continental Mark V).[11] Winter 1990s evening dress by Givenchy Hubert de Givenchy was elected the personality of the year 1979 and the most elegant man of the year by The Best Magazine.[12] In 1982, a retrospective presided by Audrey Hepburn was organized by the Fashion Institute of Technology of New York.[13] The following year Hubert de Givenchy was named ? chevalier de la L?gion d?Honneur ? and in 1985, Jacques Lang, the French minister of the Culture, gave him the Oscar dedicated to the art of elegance during a celebration at the Opera in Paris.[12] Departure of Hubert de Givenchy 1988 evening dress by Givenchy In 1988, Givenchy joined LVMH Mo?t Hennessy Louis Vuitton.[14] Hubert de Givenchy left the company in 1995.[citation needed] He was succeeded by a variety of young British creators including John Galliano, Alexander McQueen and Julien MacDonald. 2005?2017, Riccardo Tisci The reins for both collections were passed on to Riccardo Tisci in 2005 when he was named artistic director of womenswear. Riccardo Tisci has proposed to the House his own style and influences. By changing the house codes, Riccardo Tisci adds some dark and sensual romanticism touch.[15] Philippe Fortunato, the former chief operating of LVMH Moet Hennessy Vuitton SA ? China, is the current Chief Operating at Givenchy.[16] Givenchy designs have been worn by a number of celebrities on red carpet occasions, including Rooney Mara at the 2012 Academy awards. Also responsible for working with Madonna designing her costumes for her Sticky & Sweet tour as well as the 2012 Super Bowl Halftime Show.[17] In 2016, Tisci launched a sportswear collaboration with Nike called NikeLab x RT: Training Redefined aimed at Olympic athletes for the 2016 Summer Olympics as everyday gym users.[18] In February 2017, Riccardo Tisci announced that he would be leaving Givenchy, after twelve years working as the brands Creative Director.[19] 2017?2020, Clare Waight Keller The House of Givenchy announced the appointment of Clare Waight Keller as Artistic Director, effective 2 May 2017. Waight Keller took on all creative responsibilities, including Women?s and Men?s Ready-to-wear and accessories collections, as well as Haute Couture.[20] Meghan Markle wore a gown from Claire Waight Keller at her wedding to Prince Harry on 19 May 2018.[21] After successfully running three consecutive combined shows under the assistance of Keller, the brand announced to bring back the menswear collection calendar for the autumn/winter 2019 season.[22]